Modern Electrical Power Systems

 Modern Electrical Power Systems

OBJECTIVES

• The operation and power flow characteristics of small/large networks and how the network can be arranged to deliver more ‘real power’ over the transmission system to the load centers
• The form and use of a range of FACTS devices to improve system operation
• Fault level limiting devices
• New CT and VT optical transducers and protection relaying system using micro processor configured relays
• To deal with non linear loads and the problem of Harmonics, at the PCC (point of common coupling)
• Protection systems for thermal monitoring of cable networks
• Alternative forms of generation and embedded generation. Carbon emission limiting, etc.
• Diagnostic monitoring of plant and in particular GIS substations
• Advances in power electronics and the application of back to back HV-DC links on stability
• High speed fault limiters and real time stability monitors
• Demand side management

WHO SHOULD ATTEND?

This course is designed for those involved with the planning, operation and maintenance of small to large scale power networks, from around 11kV, upwards. Designers, Engineers and Technicians from Distribution Companies, Power Utilities, Engineering Professionals in the Electricity Supply Industry and Petrochemical Companies who have to deal with aspects of generation, transmission and distribution should be interested in learning how to handle increased demand, how to drive the system harder, but safely, and with increased reliability, security and monitoring. Participants need no specific requirements, other than a good understanding of electricity and some relevant experience in power engineering.

 COURSE OUTLINE 

DAY 1

Introduction

• Overview of a typical systems covering generation, transmission and distribution
• Determination of flow of real (P) and reactive power (Q)
• Determination and control of fault level
• Control of reactive power & voltage
• Control of active power & system frequency
• The requirements for reactive compensation – voltage profiles
• Quality of supply

DAY 2

Current Operational Problems

• Coping with rising demand for power – transmission and distribution
• The costs associated with increasing fault level
• Catering for increasing load on the existing system – ratings of plant
• Monitoring of plant condition – e.g. temperature
• A review of analytical methods & demonstration of software for optimizing system operation
• Increasing problems of heavily loaded systems – stability, voltage dips

Introduction to System Operation

• Active Power and Frequency Control – automated
• Voltage Control and Reactive Power Requirements – automated
• Generation, including combined cycle and small embedded generators
• Transmission voltage levels – line and cable design, power loading and de-rating for temperature effects

DAY 3

Emerging technologies

• Energy and the Environment – solar power, geothermal power, etc. CO2 and its impact on the world
• ‘Green’ generation? Is it possible on a large scale or are there stability problems?
• Demand Side Management – remote load control – minimizing demand – optimizing transmission – coping with dips and swells
• Optical Current Transducers for Protection
• Optical Current Sensors Eliminate CT Saturation – accuracy
• High Voltage Applications – Surge protection, current limiters network switching, etc
• Non linear loads – harmonics at PCC – filtering – G5/4 requirements

DAY 4

Advances in control and monitoring

• Power Electronics Applied to Power Systems
• Flexibility in AC Systems
• Static Var Compensation
• Series Controlled Capacitors
• Changing maintenance schedules, remote surveillance of plant and the introduction of unmanned substations
• Data logging

Making the system work harder

• HC-DC Links for stability improvement
• Power Dynamics Management – the low frequency oscillation
• Advanced protection and Control Techniques
• Is – Fault Current Limiter – how to apply
• GIS diagnostics – partial discharge techniques
• Optical cable temperature monitoring
• SCADA and artificial intelligence systems for fault diagnostics

DAY 5

System protection

• Digital and Micro Processor Protection
• Electrical Insulation – Air and SF6 – the problems
• Condition Monitoring of Plant
• Appendix – Characteristics of a Power Network – Review for the Future