Protection of Electrical Power Systems
Protection of Electrical Power Systems
OBJECTIVES
- The need for protection
- An overview of power system fault analysis
- Protection fundamentals
- Relay transducers, both current and future
- System grounding principles
- Over current earth fault protection
- Coordination principles
- Transformer protection
- Generator protection
- Bus protection
- Motor protection
- Line and feeder protection
- Principles of relay application
WHO SHOULD ATTEND?
The aim of the program is to update the working knowledge of practicing protection engineers and senior technicians as well as those in closely related branches of electrical power engineering responsible for specification, installation, inspection, maintenance and commissioning of electrical plant
COURSE OUTLINE
Fundamentals and Fault Analysis
- Introduction to power system protection
- Power system fault analysis
- Phase faults
- Earth faults
- Manual calculation
- Use of software
- Case study
- Protection fundamentals
- Definitions and terminology
- Unit and non-unit systems
- Wrap up session
Transducers and Over current Schemes
- Transducers
- Current transformer (CT) equivalent circuit
- CT specification
- CT errors
- CT characteristics
- Effect of CT burden
- Over current relays of control systems
- The modern relay and functions provided
- Characteristics
- Directional schemes
- High and low set instantaneous relays
- Application to earth faults
- Principles of coordination
- Case studies and tutorials
- Wrap up session
Unit Protection 1
- Transformer protection
- Typical transformer faults
- Protection of small transformers
- Biased differential
- High impedance differential
- Restricted earth leakage
- Buchholz and winding temperature
- Additional earth fault
- Use of earthling transformer
- Relay settings for modern multi-functional relays
- Generator and generator unit
- Schematic layout of plant
- Generator grounding principles
- Generator earth fault
- Differential schemes
- Discussions and wrap up session
Unit Protection 2
- Generator protection continued
- Asynchronous running
- Negative phase sequence
- Over and under voltage
- Over and under frequency
- Reverse power
- Excitation
- Motor protection
- Motor protection principles
- Thermal considerations
- Frequent starting
- Locked rotor
- Phase imbalance
- Single phasing
- Phase short circuit
- Earth fault
- Undercurrent
- Setting of multifunctional relays
- Wrap up session
Bus and Circuit Protection
- Busbar protection
- Principles of operation
- High impedance selective schemes
- Tutorial
- Distance protection
- Principles of operation
- Characteristics
- Arcing faults
- Faults close to relay location
- Causes of inaccuracy of measurement
- Teed feeders
- Practical study
- Final session
- Supervised tutorials
- Group discussion
- Program review